Find the Number of Islands
Prereq: BFS on Graph
Given a 2-dimensional matrix of values with 0 and 1, count the number of islands of 1. An island consists of all value 1 cells and is surrounded by either an edge or all 0 cells. A cell can only be adjacent to each other horizontally or vertically, not diagonally.
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>>> a = [1, 2, 3]
>>> a[-1]
3